The Atomic Bomb or Bomb (more properly uncontrolled nuclear fission bomb, in slang "the bomb") is an explosive device in the group of nuclear weapons, whose energy is produced by the phenomenon of nuclear fission that the chain reaction of splitting, spontaneous or induced, of the atomic nucleus of a heavy element into two or more fragments. The chain reaction takes place in an "uncontrolled" and rapidly in a mass of uranium 235 or plutonium 239 highly concentrated, at the instant when the mass is made "super-critical." In common usage
sometimes called "atomic bomb" is extended to all nuclear weapons, including bombs that also using another type of nuclear reaction , namely fusion of the nuclei of elements light.
The term atomic bomb (A bomb) indicates only the actual fission bombs. Those which use fusion bombs are called H or hydrogen bombs, or grouped under the definition of thermonuclear weapons.
sometimes called "atomic bomb" is extended to all nuclear weapons, including bombs that also using another type of nuclear reaction , namely fusion of the nuclei of elements light.
The term atomic bomb (A bomb) indicates only the actual fission bombs. Those which use fusion bombs are called H or hydrogen bombs, or grouped under the definition of thermonuclear weapons.
HISTORY:
The theoretical foundation is the principle of mass-energy equivalence, expressed by the equation E = mc ² provided in the general theory of relativity Albert Einstein of . This suggests that generic equivalent, in principle, could be a possibility to directly transform the field in energy or vice versa. Einstein did not see the practical applications of this discovery. He sensed, however, that the principle of mass-energy equivalence could explain the phenomenon of radioactivity , or that certain minerals emit spontaneous energy, and a reaction that involved equivalence could be the source of light that lights the stars.
Next, we proposed that certain reactions involving this principle could actually occur inside atomic nuclei. The "decay" of the nuclei causes a release of energy. The idea that a nuclear reaction could also produce artificially and heavily, in the form of a chain reaction that was developed in the mid-thirties after the discovery of the neutron . The main research in this area were conducted in Italy by Enrico Fermi .
A group of European scientists who took refuge in the United States of America ( Enrico Fermi , Leo Szilard, Edward Teller and Eugene Wigner ) are concerned about the possible development of the military principle. In 1939 Fermi and Szilard, according to their theoretical studies, persuaded Albert Einstein to write a letter to President Roosevelt to report that there was a hypothetical possibility to build a bomb using the principle of nuclear fission. The U.S. government began to become interested in such research.
Enrico Fermi went to the United States for more research on the properties of a rare isotope of uranium, uranium 235, to obtain the first self-sustaining fission chain reaction: the 2 December 1942, the group headed by Fermi Chicago assembled the first atomic pile or nuclear fission reactor working, producing heat through a mass of natural uranium and graphite.
few months earlier, according to calculations made in a summer session of physical 1942 led by Robert Oppenheimer , had concluded that it was theoretically possible to build a bomb that would take advantage of the fission chain reaction. The technical feasibility but requires huge funding.
The first atomic bomb was made from a secret project developed by the U.S. government. The program took on an industrial scale in 1942 (See Manhattan Project). To produce the fissile material, uranium and plutonium, were built huge plants with a total expenditure of two billion dollars of the time. The materials and technical devices, principally the implosion detonator, were produced in the laboratories of Los Alamos , a center created especially in the desert of New Mexico . The project was led by Robert Oppenheimer and included the most physical of the world.
The first plutonium bomb (codenamed " Gadget") was detonated in the "Trinity Test " on July 16 1945. The first uranium bomb ("Little Boy ") was dropped on Hiroshima city center the 6 August 1945 . The second plutonium bomb, code named" Fat Man , but was dropped on Nagasaki the August 9 1945.
Next, we proposed that certain reactions involving this principle could actually occur inside atomic nuclei. The "decay" of the nuclei causes a release of energy. The idea that a nuclear reaction could also produce artificially and heavily, in the form of a chain reaction that was developed in the mid-thirties after the discovery of the neutron . The main research in this area were conducted in Italy by Enrico Fermi .
A group of European scientists who took refuge in the United States of America ( Enrico Fermi , Leo Szilard, Edward Teller and Eugene Wigner ) are concerned about the possible development of the military principle. In 1939 Fermi and Szilard, according to their theoretical studies, persuaded Albert Einstein to write a letter to President Roosevelt to report that there was a hypothetical possibility to build a bomb using the principle of nuclear fission. The U.S. government began to become interested in such research.
Enrico Fermi went to the United States for more research on the properties of a rare isotope of uranium, uranium 235, to obtain the first self-sustaining fission chain reaction: the 2 December 1942, the group headed by Fermi Chicago assembled the first atomic pile or nuclear fission reactor working, producing heat through a mass of natural uranium and graphite.
few months earlier, according to calculations made in a summer session of physical 1942 led by Robert Oppenheimer , had concluded that it was theoretically possible to build a bomb that would take advantage of the fission chain reaction. The technical feasibility but requires huge funding.
The first atomic bomb was made from a secret project developed by the U.S. government. The program took on an industrial scale in 1942 (See Manhattan Project). To produce the fissile material, uranium and plutonium, were built huge plants with a total expenditure of two billion dollars of the time. The materials and technical devices, principally the implosion detonator, were produced in the laboratories of Los Alamos , a center created especially in the desert of New Mexico . The project was led by Robert Oppenheimer and included the most physical of the world.
The first plutonium bomb (codenamed " Gadget") was detonated in the "Trinity Test " on July 16 1945. The first uranium bomb ("Little Boy ") was dropped on Hiroshima city center the 6 August 1945 . The second plutonium bomb, code named" Fat Man , but was dropped on Nagasaki the August 9 1945.
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